Endocrine Abstracts

Background and aims: It is well recognized that insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease especially in women, while the role of sex steroids is still controversial. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represent a unique biological model for the study of the impact of all these factors on cardiovascular system. We aimed to evaluate the degree of low-grade inflammation and atherosclerosis in premenopau...

Aim: The present study was designed in order to investigate the lipid profile, as well as LDL oxidizability in vitro, of female progeny (girls and young women) with positive family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and/or hyperlipidemia.Patients and methods: In the present study, 30 healthy female subjects were recruited, aged 3 to 30 years old (mean±S.D. 14.4±8.02 years old). These subjects were progeny of families...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, affecting 5–10% of women of reproductive age. The underlying pathogenesis is complex and incompletely understood. There is evidence that gonadotropin and gonadotropin receptor action play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS with genome wide association studies in PCOS also implicating altered gonadotropin action in the aetiology of PCOS. Furthermore, our recent studies have demonstrated that gonad...

Background: We previously showed that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) favorably affects both bone density and microarchitecture with persistent benefit after its withdrawal (1). Looking for indirect factors contributing to bone effects, we investigated the relation between MHT and changes on fat and lean (muscular) tissue. Existing results on MHT and body composition are conflicting and large cohort studies are lacking.Material and methods: The OsteoLau...

Introduction: LMTK3 is an oncogenic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) implicated in resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Initially, LMTK3 was described as a regulator of Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) since it was found able to protect it from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. In a cohort of breast cancer (BC) patients (n>600), LMTK3 protein levels and intronic polymorphisms were significantly associated with disease-free and overall surviv...

Background: The mechanisms regulating adrenarche have not been elucidated, although evidence supports a critical role for ACTH and possibly other unidentified pituitary or adrenal contributing factors. Absent adrenarche has been described in children with a variety of sellar tumors. We describe a case series of five adults with congenital hypopituitarism and absent adrenarche.Cases: Three females and two males with “idiopathic” congenital hypop...

Introduction: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) have been conjectured to arise from well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) due to frequently reported synchronous and metachronous occurrence. We demonstrate the simultaneous presence of divergent histological subtypes in a single thyroid gland, with escalating loss of p53 expression in more aggressive variants.Material and methods: A 60-year-old mal...

Objectives: • PCOS is defined by the presence of hyperandrogenism (clinical and/or biochemical), ovarian dysfunction (oligo-anovulation and/or polycystic ovaries), and the exclusion of related disorders.• Women are exposed to increased risk for cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other metabolic complications• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common cause of mortality wor...

IntroductionA strong association between autoimmune atrophic gastritis and other autoimmune disorders has been well documented. The prevalence of gastric mucosa alterations in patients with thyroid autoimmunity is not well known. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in patients with Graves’ disease (GD) and positive anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA).Methods<p class=...

IntroductionThe routine assessment of postmenopausal women involves screening for cardiometabolic risk factors and bone health. Evaluation of the liver function is not commonly performed, even though this could be easily performed with the use of indirect markers, such as the Fibrosis 4 score. Recent evidence supports an association between liver cirrhosis and bone turnover, affecting both the trabecular and the cortical bone. Therefore, we aimed to expl...